With rising global concerns around monkeypox (now referred to as Mpox), it’s crucial to know how to protect yourself from this emerging disease. While monkeypox might not be as widespread as other viral infections like COVID-19, it poses significant risks, and taking preventive measures, including getting vaccinated with the Mpox vaccine, is key to staying safe. In this article, we’ll explore what monkeypox is, how it spreads, and how the Mpox vaccine plays a vital role in protection.
What Is Monkeypox (Mpox)?
Monkeypox is a viral infection that primarily spreads through close contact with an infected person, animal, or contaminated surface. The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus, part of the same family of viruses as smallpox, although it is much less severe. Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that can progress to painful lesions. While monkeypox is typically less deadly than smallpox, it can cause significant discomfort and, in some cases, lead to severe complications, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or other underlying health conditions.
How Does Monkeypox Spread?
Understanding how monkeypox spreads is crucial to taking preventive measures. The virus can spread through:
- Close contact with an infected person: Monkeypox is most commonly spread through direct contact with the body fluids, lesions, or respiratory droplets of someone who is infected.
- Contaminated objects: The virus can live on surfaces, clothing, or bedding that an infected person has touched, making it possible to contract monkeypox through indirect contact.
- Animal-to-human transmission: Monkeypox can also spread from animals, particularly those that are infected with the virus, like rodents and non-human primates. While less common, this mode of transmission is still possible, especially in regions where the virus is endemic.
Protecting Yourself from Monkeypox
Fortunately, there are several ways to protect yourself from monkeypox, starting with everyday hygiene practices and ending with the Mpox vaccine.
- Practice good hygiene: Regularly washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer is one of the easiest and most effective ways to reduce the risk of transmission.
- Avoid close contact with infected individuals: If someone you know is diagnosed with monkeypox, avoid physical contact with them and anything they’ve touched. This includes bedding, clothing, and other personal items that may be contaminated.
- Disinfect surfaces: If you suspect you’ve come into contact with contaminated objects or surfaces, it’s essential to clean and disinfect those areas thoroughly. Use disinfectants that are effective against viruses.
- Avoid contact with wild animals: Avoid handling animals, especially in areas where monkeypox is known to be endemic. This reduces the risk of animal-to-human transmission.
The Mpox Vaccine: Your Best Defense
While the above measures help reduce exposure, vaccination remains one of the most effective ways to protect against monkeypox. The Mpox vaccine, also known as JYNNEOS or Imvamune/Imvanex, was developed to prevent both smallpox and monkeypox. It has shown effectiveness in preventing monkeypox infection or significantly reducing the severity of symptoms if contracted.
Here’s why the Mpox vaccine should be part of your defense plan:
- Effective Protection: The Mpox vaccine provides significant protection against the virus. Those who receive it are less likely to contract the disease, and in cases where vaccinated individuals still become infected, symptoms are generally milder and complications are less likely.
- Who Should Get Vaccinated?
The Mpox vaccine is particularly important for people at higher risk, such as:
- Individuals who have been exposed to someone with confirmed monkeypox.
- Healthcare workers and laboratory personnel who may come into contact with the virus.
- People who live in or are traveling to areas where monkeypox is endemic.
- Individuals who have a higher likelihood of close physical contact with others, particularly in high-risk settings.
- Timing of the Vaccine: The vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus, but it can also be given after exposure as a form of post-exposure prophylaxis. If you believe you’ve been exposed to monkeypox, getting the vaccine within four days of exposure can prevent the onset of the disease. Even if given later, within 14 days, the vaccine can still reduce the severity of symptoms.
- Two-Dose Vaccine: The Mpox vaccine is given in two doses, spaced about four weeks apart. It’s essential to receive both doses for optimal protection.
Stay Informed, Stay Protected
As with any emerging health issue, staying informed is key to protecting yourself and others from monkeypox. While the situation may change, and new information may emerge, the current guidance points to vaccination as a crucial tool in preventing the spread of monkeypox. Beyond vaccination, maintaining good hygiene and limiting close contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects can significantly reduce your risk of infection.
If you are at higher risk or concerned about potential exposure, contact your healthcare provider or local pharmacy to discuss getting the Mpox vaccine. By taking preventive measures and staying aware, you can protect yourself and contribute to the effort to contain the spread of monkeypox in your community.
